Inv. no. LNS 105 S
Carved by mason’s means
Height 120 cm; width 100 cm
Northern India, late 16th – early 17th century AD
late 10th – early 11th century AH
Stone and stucco have a long history in the art and cultures that became the Islamic world. Even as far back as the Bronze Age, stone was used to create almost reverential objects of sacred animals, demons and gods/goddesses.
Stone and stucco remained the chosen media for an important and characteristic Islamic architectural element: carved and pierced window screening panels which allowed ventilation while providing privacy and shade to the interior. From early Islamic times these were executed in both materials and were employed in religious and secular buildings. Stucco techniques were highly developed and widely used to embellish interiors as well as these window grilles.
Islamic masons inherited a tradition of carving stone for decorating the exteriors and interiors of buildings from the ancient world, and the palaces of the first Islamic dynasty, the Umayyad Caliphs, were enhanced by richly carved vegetal and abstract motifs. Arabic calligraphy soon became one of the most important elements of architectural decoration. Beautiful examples of calligraphy on tombstones provide us with important fixed chronologies for the development of a variety of calligraphic styles.
In the Mughal era stone predominated, and many large and beautiful screens were produced. White marble panels inlaid with semi-precious stones and other coloured materials were also created during in India during that period.
Inv. no. LNS 105 S
Carved by mason’s means
Height 120 cm; width 100 cm
Northern India, late 16th – early 17th century AD
late 10th – early 11th century AH
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Inv. no. LNS 285 S
Carved by mason’s means
Height 21 cm; width 65 x 65 cm
East Iranian world, probably Ghazni, 12th – early 13th century AD
6th – early 7th century AH
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Inv. no. LNS 32 ST a, c
Moulded and carved
Average height 49 cm; average width 50.5 cm
Western Iran (possibly Rayy), 12th century AD
6th century AH
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Inv. no. LNS 32 ST a, c
Moulded and carved
Average height 49 cm; average width 50.5 cm
Western Iran (possibly Rayy), 12th century AD
6th century AH
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Inv. no. LNS 13 ST
Carved in the rigid but soft state with chisels and custom-purpose drills
Height 93 cm; width 63.5 cm
East Iranian world, probably Nishapur, ca. late 9th – 10th century AD
ca. late 3rd – 4th century AH
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Inv. no. LNS 4 S
Carved by mason’s means
Height 52.5 cm; width 39 cm
Egypt, dated in the month of Sha‘ban 547 AH/November-December 1152 AD
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Inv. no. LNS 27 S
Carved by mason’s means
Height 45 cm; width 39.3 cm
East Iranian world, Ghazni, late 11th – early 12th century AD
late 5th – early 6th century AH
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Inv. no. LNS 231 S
Carved by mason’s means
Height 100.8 cm; width 65.8 cm
North India, late 16th century AD
late 10th century AH
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Inv. no. LNS 183 S
Carved by mason’s means
Height 27.5 cm; length 117 cm
East Iranian world or Central Asia, dated 930 AH/1523-24 AD
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Inv. no. LNS 129 S
Carved by mason’s means
Height 40.5 cm; width 33 cm
Iranian world, dated Rabi‘ al-Awwal 704 AH/October-November 1304 AD
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Inv. no. LNS 43 HS
Cut, ground and polished by lapidary means; silver mounts cast, fabricated, engraved and gilded
Height 17.8 cm; diameter 4.4 cm
Bottle east Iranian world, ca. 10th century AD
ca. 4th century AH
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Inv. no. LNS 1 HS a, d, e, g, h, i
Cut, ground and polished by lapidary means
(a) Height 6.8 cm; diameter 6 cm;
LNS 1 HS a, h, and i, East Iranian world, ca. 9th century AD;
ca. 6th century AH
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Inv. no. LNS 1 S
Carved by mason’s means
Height 38.5 cm; width 26 cm
Spain, probably Cordoba or Madinat az-Zahra, dated 364 AH/974-5 AD
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Inv. no. LNS 65 S e
Carved by mason’s means
Height 93 cm; width 63 cm
Jordan, 1st half 8th century AD
1st half 2nd century AH
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